How to Open S Corporation in Illinois | Lovie — US Company Formation

Opening an S Corporation in Illinois involves a multi-step process, beginning with forming a C Corporation or LLC with the Illinois Secretary of State, and then electing S Corp status with the IRS. This structure offers pass-through taxation, meaning profits and losses are reported on the owners' personal income tax returns, potentially avoiding double taxation common with C Corporations. Understanding the requirements and procedures is crucial for compliance and maximizing the benefits of this business structure. While the IRS handles the S Corp election, the initial entity formation and ongoing state compliance fall under Illinois law. This means you'll work with the Illinois Secretary of State for your initial business registration. Lovie can streamline both the state-level formation and the IRS election process, ensuring your Illinois business is set up correctly from the start. This guide will walk you through each essential step.

Step 1: Form an Illinois LLC or C Corporation

Before you can elect S Corporation status with the IRS, you must first establish a legal business entity in Illinois. The two primary options for S Corp eligibility are forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC) or a C Corporation. Both require filing formation documents with the Illinois Secretary of State. For an LLC, you'll file the Articles of Organization (Form LLC-1.0), and for a C Corporation, you'll file the Articles of Incorporation (Form BCA 5.05). Both forms require basic information,

Step 2: Obtain an Employer Identification Number (EIN)

An EIN, also known as a Federal Tax Identification Number, is a unique nine-digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for identification purposes. Even if your business does not plan to hire employees, an EIN is generally required for most business structures, including LLCs and Corporations, especially if you intend to elect S Corp status. It's essential for opening business bank accounts, filing taxes, and, critically, for m

Step 3: Make the S Corporation Election with the IRS

With your Illinois LLC or C Corporation formed and your EIN secured, the next critical step is to elect S Corporation status with the IRS. This is done by filing Form 2553, Election by a Small Business Corporation. This form is submitted to the IRS, not the Illinois Secretary of State. It requires detailed information about your business, including its name, address, EIN, the date and state of incorporation, and the names and addresses of all shareholders. You'll also need to specify the effecti

Understanding Illinois LLC to S Corp Conversion

Converting an existing Illinois LLC to an S Corporation is a common strategy for businesses seeking the liability protection of an LLC combined with the potential tax advantages of S Corp status. The process begins with ensuring your LLC meets the IRS eligibility requirements for an S Corporation, as outlined in the previous section. This means having only eligible shareholders and a single class of stock. The primary action required is filing IRS Form 2553. Importantly, an LLC does not file any

Ongoing Illinois S Corporation Compliance

Operating as an S Corporation in Illinois requires adherence to both state and federal compliance obligations. At the state level, your business must maintain its registered agent in Illinois and file an annual report with the Illinois Secretary of State. The annual report is due during the corporation's anniversary month. The filing fee for the Illinois Annual Report is currently $75. This report provides an update on your business's information, including its principal office address and the n

Benefits and Considerations of Illinois S Corps

Choosing to operate as an S Corporation in Illinois offers several potential advantages, primarily centered around tax savings and operational flexibility. The most significant benefit is the potential to reduce self-employment taxes. Unlike sole proprietorships or partnerships where all net earnings are subject to self-employment tax (Social Security and Medicare), S Corp owners who are also employees can draw a "reasonable salary" subject to these taxes, and any remaining profits can be distri

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the cost to open an S Corporation in Illinois?
The primary costs include the Illinois Secretary of State filing fee for LLC or C Corp formation ($150) and the Illinois Annual Report fee ($75). There are no IRS fees for the S Corp election (Form 2553). Additional costs may arise for registered agent services and professional advice.
How long does it take to open an S Corporation in Illinois?
Forming the initial LLC or C Corp in Illinois typically takes 1-3 business days for online filings, though it can be longer if mailed. The IRS processing of Form 2553 can take several weeks to a few months. Overall, expect the process to take 1-3 months from start to S Corp status.
Can an LLC be an S Corp in Illinois?
Yes, an Illinois LLC can elect to be treated as an S Corporation for federal tax purposes by filing Form 2553 with the IRS. The LLC itself remains an LLC under Illinois state law.
What is a reasonable salary for an S Corp owner in Illinois?
The IRS defines 'reasonable salary' based on factors like industry standards, services performed, and compensation paid to similar employees. There's no fixed amount. An Illinois tax professional can help determine an appropriate salary for your business.
Do I need a separate bank account for an Illinois S Corp?
Yes, absolutely. Maintaining a separate business bank account is crucial for all corporations, including S Corps. It's a key requirement for maintaining the corporate veil and demonstrating that the business is a distinct legal entity from its owners.

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