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Understanding the IT Services Landscape
An IT services business provides essential technology support and solutions to other businesses. This encompasses a broad range of offerings, from basic help desk support and network maintenance to advanced cybersecurity, cloud computing implementation, data management, and strategic IT consulting. In 2026, the demand for these services is at an all-time high as businesses increasingly rely on technology to operate efficiently, securely, and competitively. Small business owners looking to enter this field need a clear understanding of the specific services they plan to offer. Will you focus on managed IT services, where you provide ongoing support and maintenance for a recurring fee? Or perhaps specialize in project-based work, such as system upgrades, software implementation, or network design? Some businesses thrive by offering niche services like IT security audits, disaster recovery planning, or cloud migration assistance. Defining your service portfolio early is crucial. It dictates the expertise required, the tools you'll need, and the clients you'll attract. Consider the current technological trends: the rise of remote work necessitates robust remote support solutions and secure network access. The ever-present threat of cyberattacks makes cybersecurity services a critical offering. Cloud adoption continues to grow, requiring expertise in platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud. Understanding these trends helps you position your business effectively. Many IT service providers operate as a third-party extension of a client's internal team, acting as their outsourced IT department. This model requires a deep understanding of the client's business objectives and a proactive approach to technology management. The goal is not just to fix problems when they arise, but to anticipate needs, optimize systems, and leverage technology to drive business growth. For small business owners, starting with a focused service offering and gradually expanding as your expertise and client base grow is often a wise strategy. This allows you to build a strong reputation in a specific area before diversifying. Remember, the core value you provide is enabling clients to use technology effectively and securely, freeing them to focus on their own core business operations.
Seizing the IT Services Market Opportunity
The IT services market is experiencing unprecedented growth, driven by digital transformation initiatives across all industries. Businesses, regardless of size, are recognizing the critical role technology plays in their success. This creates a substantial opportunity for new IT service providers. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are particularly ripe for outsourcing their IT needs. Many lack the internal expertise or financial resources to manage complex technology infrastructures effectively. They require reliable, cost-effective IT support to maintain operations, enhance security, and adopt new technologies. The global IT services market size was valued at over $1 trillion in recent years and is projected to continue its upward trajectory, with compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) often exceeding 10%. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. First, the increasing sophistication of cyber threats demands specialized security solutions that many businesses cannot handle in-house. Second, the widespread adoption of cloud computing requires expertise in migration, management, and optimization of cloud environments. Third, the proliferation of data necessitates robust data management, analytics, and business intelligence solutions. Remote work trends have also amplified the need for secure, reliable remote access and collaboration tools. For a small business owner, this market presents a chance to carve out a niche. You might target specific industries, such as healthcare, legal, or finance, which have unique regulatory and security requirements. Alternatively, you could specialize in particular service areas, like cybersecurity for small businesses, cloud solutions for startups, or managed IT services for growing enterprises. The key is to identify underserved segments or areas where you can offer superior value. Consider the competitive landscape. While large IT consulting firms exist, they often cater to enterprise-level clients and may be too expensive or complex for smaller businesses. This leaves a significant gap for agile, responsive, and cost-effective IT service providers who can offer personalized attention. Building strong client relationships based on trust and proven results is paramount. Many IT service businesses grow through referrals and word-of-mouth, underscoring the importance of client satisfaction. By understanding the market's demands and positioning your services strategically, you can build a thriving IT business that addresses a critical need for businesses today.
Selecting the Right Business Structure
Choosing the correct legal structure for your IT services business is a foundational decision that impacts liability, taxation, and administrative requirements. As a small business owner, you have several primary options, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. The Sole Proprietorship is the simplest structure, where the business is owned and run by one individual, and there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business. Profits are taxed at the individual's rate. However, this structure offers no liability protection; your personal assets are at risk if the business incurs debt or faces lawsuits. For an IT services business, where potential liabilities related to data breaches or system failures exist, this is generally not recommended. A Partnership is similar to a sole proprietorship but involves two or more individuals. Profits and losses are passed through to the partners' personal income. Like a sole proprietorship, it offers minimal liability protection. A General Partnership means all partners share in profits and operational responsibilities and are liable for the business's debts. A Limited Partnership (LP) or Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) can offer some liability protection for certain partners, but the structure can be more complex. The Limited Liability Company (LLC) is a popular choice for many small businesses, including IT service providers. It combines the pass-through taxation of a sole proprietorship or partnership with the limited liability protection of a corporation. This means your personal assets are generally protected from business debts and lawsuits. An LLC requires filing Articles of Organization with the state and maintaining an operating agreement. The Limited Liability Company (LLC) is often the sweet spot for small IT service businesses, offering a balance of protection and administrative simplicity. The C-Corporation (C-Corp) is a more complex structure, offering the strongest liability protection. Profits are taxed at the corporate level, and then dividends distributed to shareholders are taxed again at the individual level (double taxation). C-Corps are suitable for businesses planning to seek significant outside investment or eventually go public. An S-Corporation (S-Corp) is a tax election that allows profits and losses to be passed through directly to the owners' personal income without being subject to corporate tax rates, avoiding double taxation. However, S-Corps have stricter eligibility requirements, such as limitations on the number and type of shareholders. For most small IT services businesses starting out, an LLC provides the best combination of liability protection, flexibility, and relatively straightforward administration. Consider consulting with a legal or tax professional to determine the optimal structure for your specific situation and long-term goals. Lovie can assist with filing the necessary paperwork for LLC and C-Corp formations.
Choosing a Memorable and Professional Business Name
Selecting the right name for your IT services business is more than just a branding exercise; it's a critical step that influences your market perception, memorability, and legal standing. Your business name should be professional, easy to recall, and ideally, reflective of the services you offer. In the IT sector, names that convey reliability, expertise, security, or innovation often resonate well with clients. Avoid names that are overly generic, difficult to spell or pronounce, or could be easily confused with competitors. Think about the longevity of your brand. Will the name still be relevant if your service offerings expand in the future? For example, a name like 'Local PC Repair Pros' might be limiting if you plan to offer advanced cybersecurity or cloud solutions later on. Consider names that are more encompassing, such as 'Apex IT Solutions,' 'SecureNet Technologies,' or 'Innovate Digital Services.' Once you have a few potential names, it's crucial to check their availability. This involves several steps. First, perform a thorough search of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database to ensure the name isn't already trademarked by another business, especially within the IT services industry. This protects you from potential legal disputes. Second, check if the corresponding domain name for your website is available. In today's digital age, a strong online presence is vital, and having a domain name that matches or closely aligns with your business name is highly beneficial. Aim for a .com extension if possible. Third, research the availability of the name with your Secretary of State, as business names must be unique within the state where you register. If you plan to operate in multiple states, you'll need to check availability in each. Finally, check social media platforms for username availability. Many states have specific requirements for business names. For instance, LLCs may need to include 'LLC' or 'Limited Liability Company' in their name, while corporations might need 'Inc.' or 'Corporation.' The name must be distinguishable from existing registered businesses in the state. A name that is too similar can lead to rejection of your filing. Some states also prohibit certain words, like 'Bank' or 'Insurance,' unless specific conditions are met. Researching these requirements upfront can save you time and frustration during the registration process. A strong, available name is a valuable asset for your IT services business.
Forming Your Business Entity: LLC or C-Corp
Forming your business entity is a pivotal step in establishing your IT services company legally. The primary structures most small business owners consider are the Limited Liability Company (LLC) and the C-Corporation (C-Corp). Each offers distinct benefits regarding liability, taxation, and operational flexibility. The LLC is often the preferred choice for its balance of simplicity and protection. When you form an LLC, you create a legal separation between your personal assets and the business's liabilities. This means if the business faces debt or legal action, your personal savings, home, and other assets are generally shielded. To form an LLC, you'll need to file 'Articles of Organization' (or a similar document, depending on the state, sometimes called a 'Certificate of Formation') with the Secretary of State in the state where you choose to incorporate. This document typically includes your business name, the registered agent's information, and the business's purpose. The filing fee varies by state, ranging from around $50 in some states to over $500 in others. For example, forming an LLC in California costs $70, while in Delaware, it's $90. After filing, you'll need an operating agreement, which outlines the ownership structure, management, and operating procedures of the LLC. While not always legally required by the state, it's a crucial internal document. The C-Corporation, while more complex, offers robust liability protection and is structured for growth and investment. Forming a C-Corp involves filing 'Articles of Incorporation' with the state. This document typically includes the business name, the number of authorized shares, the names of the initial directors, and the registered agent. State filing fees for C-Corps are similar to LLCs, often ranging from $50 to $500+. C-Corps are subject to corporate income tax, and then shareholders are taxed again on dividends, a concept known as double taxation. However, this structure is often necessary if you plan to seek venture capital funding or eventually go public. The choice between an LLC and a C-Corp depends heavily on your business goals. If your priority is simplicity, pass-through taxation, and personal asset protection without immediate plans for extensive outside investment, an LLC is likely the better fit. If you envision rapid growth, significant fundraising, and potentially an IPO, a C-Corp might be more appropriate from the outset. Lovie simplifies this process by preparing and submitting the necessary formation documents for both LLCs and C-Corps, ensuring compliance with state requirements. Understanding these differences is key to building a solid foundation for your IT services business.
Obtaining Your Employer Identification Number (EIN)
An Employer Identification Number (EIN), also known as a Federal Tax Identification Number, is a unique nine-digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States. Think of it as a Social Security number for your business. Obtaining an EIN is a critical step for nearly all new businesses, including IT service providers, regardless of whether you plan to hire employees. You will need an EIN to open a business bank account, file business tax returns, and apply for business licenses and permits. For an LLC or C-Corp, an EIN is essential for establishing the business as a separate legal and tax entity. Even if you operate as a sole proprietor and don't plan to hire employees, getting an EIN is highly recommended. It helps separate your business finances from your personal finances, which is crucial for maintaining liability protection and simplifying tax preparation. The process of obtaining an EIN is straightforward and, most importantly, free. You can apply directly through the IRS website. The application is done via Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number. You can submit this application online, by fax, or by mail. The online application is the fastest method, often providing your EIN immediately upon completion, provided you meet certain criteria. To apply online, you must have a valid Taxpayer Identification Number (SSN, ITIN, or EIN), and your business must be located in the U.S. or its territories. If you are applying by mail or fax, the process can take several weeks. It's important to note that only one person authorized to act on behalf of the business can apply for the EIN. This is typically the business owner, a partner, or a corporate officer. Lovie can assist with the EIN application process as part of its comprehensive formation services, ensuring accuracy and efficiency. When filling out Form SS-4, pay close attention to the details. You'll need to provide your business name, address, the type of entity, the reason for applying (e.g., starting a new business), and information about the responsible party. Incorrect information can lead to delays or issues with your tax filings. Once you receive your EIN, keep it in a secure place along with your other important business documents. It's a vital identifier for all your business's financial and legal activities.
Navigating Licenses and Permits for IT Services
Operating an IT services business requires adherence to various federal, state, and local licensing and permit requirements. These regulations are designed to ensure that businesses operate legally, safely, and ethically. For IT service providers, the specific licenses and permits needed can vary significantly based on your location, the services you offer, and the industries you serve. At the federal level, there are generally no specific licenses required solely for providing general IT services. However, if your business handles sensitive data, particularly related to healthcare (HIPAA) or financial information, you must comply with federal regulations concerning data privacy and security. Companies dealing with specific technologies or government contracts might also face federal oversight. State-level requirements are more common. Many states require businesses to obtain a general business license to operate within their borders. This is often obtained from the Secretary of State or a designated business licensing agency. Some states may also require specific professional licenses depending on the nature of your IT services. For example, if you offer cybersecurity consulting that involves penetration testing or handling highly sensitive security data, some states might have specific certifications or licensing requirements for individuals or the business entity. It's crucial to check with your state's Department of Revenue or business portal for the most accurate information. For instance, Texas requires a general business registration, while states like California have a more complex web of requirements depending on the business activity. Local licenses and permits are also a significant consideration. Cities and counties often have their own licensing ordinances. You may need a business license from your city hall or county clerk's office. Additionally, depending on your business address, zoning permits might be necessary to ensure your operations comply with local land-use regulations, especially if you plan to operate from a commercial space. Some local jurisdictions might require specific permits for operating a home-based business. Compliance is key. Failure to obtain the necessary licenses and permits can result in fines, penalties, and even the forced closure of your business. It's advisable to consult with your local Chamber of Commerce or Small Business Development Center (SBDC) for guidance specific to your area. They can often provide checklists and resources tailored to your locality. Thorough research into these requirements before launching your business will save you considerable trouble down the line and ensure your IT services company operates on a solid legal foundation. State and local governments provide online resources to help identify specific requirements based on business type and location.
Establishing Your Operational Infrastructure
Setting up the operational infrastructure for your IT services business is about creating the systems and processes that enable you to deliver high-quality services efficiently and reliably. This involves several key components, from physical workspace to essential software and hardware. First, consider your workspace. Will you operate remotely from a home office, lease commercial space, or adopt a hybrid model? A home office can significantly reduce startup costs, but ensure you have a dedicated, professional space that minimizes distractions and allows for client confidentiality. If you opt for commercial space, factor in lease agreements, utilities, and potential build-out costs. Regardless of the location, reliable internet connectivity is non-negotiable. Invest in a high-speed, stable connection. Next, focus on the hardware and software essential for your operations. For hardware, this includes reliable computers, monitors, networking equipment (routers, switches), and potentially servers, depending on your service offerings. Prioritize quality and reliability, as equipment failure can directly impact your ability to serve clients. Consider warranties and support options. Software is equally critical. You'll need operating systems, productivity suites (like Microsoft 365 or Google Workspace), and specialized IT management tools. Key software categories include: Remote Monitoring and Management (RMM) tools for proactive system monitoring and maintenance; Professional Services Automation (PSA) software for managing clients, ticketing, billing, and scheduling; cybersecurity software (antivirus, firewalls, endpoint detection and response); backup and disaster recovery solutions; and potentially remote access tools. Choosing the right RMM and PSA platforms is particularly important for managed service providers (MSPs), as they form the backbone of your service delivery. Research vendors like ConnectWise, Kaseya, Datto, or SolarWinds MSP to find solutions that fit your budget and technical needs. Establishing clear operational processes is also vital. Develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for common tasks, such as onboarding new clients, troubleshooting common issues, performing regular maintenance, managing user accounts, and handling security incidents. Documenting these processes ensures consistency, facilitates training for new staff, and improves efficiency. Implement a robust ticketing system to track client requests and issues, ensuring timely resolution and accountability. Define your service level agreements (SLAs) clearly, outlining response times, resolution targets, and service availability. This sets client expectations and provides a benchmark for your performance. Finally, consider cybersecurity for your own business. As an IT service provider, your security posture is under scrutiny. Implement strong internal security practices, including multi-factor authentication, regular security training for yourself and any staff, and secure data handling protocols. Your operational setup is the engine of your business; investing time and resources here pays dividends in client satisfaction and business growth.
Planning Your Finances and Securing Funding
Sound financial planning and adequate funding are crucial for launching and sustaining a successful IT services business. As a small business owner, understanding your startup costs, ongoing expenses, and revenue streams is paramount. Begin by creating a detailed startup budget. This should include one-time expenses such as business registration fees, legal costs, initial hardware and software purchases, office setup (if applicable), and website development. Factor in the costs associated with Lovie's services for formation and EIN registration. Next, project your operating expenses. These are the recurring costs of running your business, including software subscriptions (RMM, PSA, antivirus), internet and phone services, potential rent and utilities, insurance premiums, marketing and advertising costs, salaries (if you plan to hire), and professional development. Don't forget to allocate funds for taxes. Based on these projections, estimate your revenue. Consider different pricing models: hourly rates, project-based fees, or monthly managed service retainers. Research industry benchmarks to set competitive yet profitable pricing. Create financial projections for at least the first three to five years, including income statements, cash flow statements, and balance sheets. This financial roadmap will guide your decision-making and help you identify potential funding needs. Funding options for your IT services business can include personal savings, loans from friends and family, small business loans (SBA loans, bank loans), lines of credit, or potentially angel investment if you have a highly scalable business model. For many small IT businesses, bootstrapping (using personal funds) or seeking a small business loan is the most common path. Ensure you have a solid business plan, including your financial projections, to present to lenders or investors. Maintaining good financial hygiene from day one is essential. Open a dedicated business bank account to keep personal and business finances separate – this requires an EIN. Use accounting software (e.g., QuickBooks, Xero, FreshBooks) to track income and expenses, manage invoices, and generate financial reports. Regularly review your financial performance against your projections. Identify areas where you can control costs or increase revenue. A key financial metric for IT service providers is profitability, often measured by gross profit margin and net profit margin. Understanding your cost of goods sold (COGS) – primarily labor and direct software costs associated with service delivery – is vital for accurate margin calculation. Plan for cash flow fluctuations, especially in the early stages. Having a cash reserve or access to a line of credit can help bridge periods when revenue may be lower than expected. Seeking professional advice from an accountant specializing in small businesses can provide invaluable insights and ensure you're making the most tax-efficient decisions.
Marketing Your IT Services and Acquiring Clients
Effectively marketing your IT services business and acquiring new clients is essential for growth and profitability. In a competitive market, a strategic approach that highlights your expertise, reliability, and value proposition is key. Start with a professional website that serves as your digital storefront. It should clearly outline your services, target audience, unique selling propositions, and provide easy ways for potential clients to contact you. Include client testimonials and case studies to build credibility and showcase your successes. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is crucial for ensuring potential clients can find you online. Optimize your website content with relevant keywords that potential clients might use when searching for IT support, such as 'managed IT services for small business,' 'cybersecurity consulting [your city],' or 'cloud solutions provider.' Local SEO is particularly important if you serve a specific geographic area. Ensure your business is listed accurately on Google Business Profile and other relevant online directories. Content marketing is another powerful strategy. Create valuable content, such as blog posts, guides, and whitepapers, that address common IT challenges faced by your target clients. This positions you as a thought leader and attracts potential customers seeking solutions. Topics could include '5 Ways to Improve Your Business Cybersecurity' or 'Choosing the Right Cloud Storage Solution.' Networking plays a significant role, especially for local IT service businesses. Attend industry events, join local business associations (like the Chamber of Commerce), and participate in community events. Building relationships can lead to valuable referrals. Consider strategic partnerships with complementary businesses, such as web designers, business consultants, or accountants, who may refer clients to you. Direct outreach can also be effective. Identify businesses that fit your ideal client profile and reach out via email or phone with a personalized message highlighting how your services can benefit them. Focus on the pain points you can solve, rather than just listing your services. For example, instead of saying 'We offer cybersecurity,' say 'We help businesses like yours protect sensitive data from costly cyber threats.' Online advertising, such as Google Ads or LinkedIn Ads, can provide targeted reach, allowing you to connect with businesses actively searching for IT solutions. Start with a modest budget and track your return on investment carefully. Referral programs can incentivize existing clients to recommend your services to others. Offer a discount or a service credit for successful referrals. Building a strong reputation for excellent customer service and reliable support is the best long-term marketing strategy. Satisfied clients are your best advocates and are more likely to provide positive reviews and referrals, fueling sustainable growth for your IT services business.
Frequently asked questions
What are the typical profit margins for an IT services business?
Profit margins for IT services businesses can vary widely depending on the service model, efficiency, and pricing strategies. Managed Service Providers (MSPs) often aim for gross profit margins between 40% and 60% on their recurring revenue services. This margin accounts for the direct costs of delivering the service, such as labor and software licenses. Net profit margins, after all operating expenses (rent, marketing, administration, etc.) are deducted, typically range from 10% to 20%. Businesses focusing on project-based work or hardware resale might see different margin structures. Higher-margin services usually include specialized consulting, cybersecurity, and cloud strategy. Lower margins are often associated with basic help desk support or hardware markups. Key factors influencing profitability include operational efficiency, effective client management, accurate service pricing, and controlling overhead costs. Regularly analyzing your financial performance against industry benchmarks is crucial for maximizing profitability.
How much capital is needed to start an IT services business?
The capital needed to start an IT services business can range significantly, from a few thousand dollars to tens of thousands, depending on your business model and operational choices. Bootstrapping with minimal overhead is possible if you operate from a home office, use existing equipment, and focus on service-based offerings. In this scenario, startup costs might include business registration fees (typically $100-$500), essential software subscriptions ($50-$200/month), basic office supplies, and marketing materials. If you plan to lease office space, purchase new high-end equipment, and invest heavily in advanced software suites like comprehensive RMM and PSA platforms from day one, costs can escalate quickly. Professional services automation (PSA) and remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools can range from $50 to over $150 per user per month, and initial setup can involve significant investment. Factor in costs for insurance, legal consultation, and initial marketing campaigns. A realistic range for a lean startup might be $2,000-$5,000, while a more robustly funded operation could require $10,000-$30,000 or more. Securing funding through small business loans or lines of credit may be necessary for higher capital requirements.
Do I need specific IT certifications to run an IT services business?
While you don't necessarily need specific IT certifications to legally form and operate an IT services business as an owner, holding relevant certifications can significantly enhance your credibility, expertise, and marketability. Certifications like CompTIA A+, Network+, Security+, or vendor-specific certifications (e.g., Microsoft Certified, Cisco CCNA) demonstrate a level of proficiency that clients value, especially when choosing who will manage their critical IT infrastructure. For specialized services like cybersecurity consulting or cloud architecture, certifications are often expected and can be a key differentiator. Many clients, particularly larger organizations or those in regulated industries, may require their IT partners to hold certain certifications as part of their vendor vetting process. As your business grows and you hire technicians, encouraging or requiring them to obtain relevant certifications can improve service quality and build a stronger team. While not a legal mandate for business ownership, certifications are a powerful tool for building trust, showcasing expertise, and winning business in the competitive IT services landscape.
What is the difference between an MSP and an IT consultant?
The primary difference lies in their service model and client relationship. An IT consultant typically offers expertise on a project basis or for specific strategic advice. They might help a business choose new software, plan a network upgrade, or develop an IT strategy. Their engagement is often temporary, focused on delivering a defined outcome or recommendation. In contrast, a Managed Service Provider (MSP) offers ongoing, proactive management of a client's IT infrastructure and systems for a recurring fee. MSPs act as an outsourced IT department, providing continuous monitoring, maintenance, security, and support. Their goal is to ensure the client's IT systems run smoothly, securely, and efficiently over the long term. While an IT consultant focuses on solving specific problems or providing strategic guidance, an MSP focuses on the day-to-day operational health and performance of a client's technology environment. Many IT businesses start as consultants and evolve into MSPs as they build long-term client relationships and develop the infrastructure for ongoing support.
How do I price my IT services competitively?
Pricing IT services competitively requires balancing market rates, your costs, and the value you deliver. Understand your costs thoroughly: include labor, software licenses, hardware, overhead, and desired profit margin. Research industry standards for similar services in your geographic area. Hourly rates for IT support can range widely, from $75 to $200+, depending on complexity and location. Managed IT services are often priced per user per month or per device per month, with typical ranges of $50-$150 per user for comprehensive packages. Project-based work requires careful scoping to estimate labor hours accurately. Consider value-based pricing: focus on the business outcomes and ROI you provide to clients (e.g., cost savings, increased efficiency, risk reduction) rather than just your time. Offer tiered service packages (e.g., basic, standard, premium) to cater to different client needs and budgets. Clearly communicate the value included in each tier. Regularly review and adjust your pricing based on market changes, your evolving service offerings, and client feedback to ensure competitiveness and profitability.
What insurance is necessary for an IT services business?
Several types of insurance are crucial for an IT services business to mitigate risks. Professional Liability Insurance, also known as Errors & Omissions (E&O) insurance, is paramount. It protects your business if a client sues you for negligence, errors, or omissions in the services you provided that resulted in financial loss for them. This is especially important given the potential for data breaches or system failures. Cyber Liability Insurance is another critical coverage. It addresses risks associated with data breaches, including costs for notification, credit monitoring, legal defense, and regulatory fines. General Liability Insurance covers third-party bodily injury or property damage that might occur at your business premises or as a result of your business operations (though less common for remote IT service providers). Commercial Property Insurance covers damage to your business property, such as computers and office equipment, if you have a physical location. Workers' Compensation Insurance is required if you have employees, covering medical expenses and lost wages for work-related injuries or illnesses. It’s advisable to consult with an insurance broker specializing in business insurance to determine the specific coverages and limits best suited for your IT services business.
Lovie is not a government agency, law firm, or professional advisory organization. Lovie is a private business-formation service that prepares and submits filings to the appropriate state agencies on your behalf — we do not issue government documents, and state approval times are not controlled by Lovie. Information on this page is general and not legal, tax, or financial advice.